External Hemorrhoids
If internal hemorrhoids are the sneaky, silent troublemakers, external hemorrhoids are their loud, obnoxious cousins who make sure you know they’re there. These swollen veins just outside the anus can turn sitting, walking, and even existing into an uncomfortable experience. But don’t worry—you’re not alone, and you don’t have to suffer forever.
This guide will walk you through everything you need to know about external hemorrhoids, from what causes them to how to get rid of them (or at least make them behave).
What Are External Hemorrhoids?
External hemorrhoids are swollen blood vessels that develop under the skin around the anus. Unlike internal hemorrhoids, which stay inside the rectum, these can be felt as lumps or swelling and are much more likely to cause pain, itching, and irritation.
Thrombosed External Hemorrhoids
Sometimes, an external hemorrhoid takes things to the next level by forming a blood clot (thrombus) inside. This can cause:
Severe pain (especially when sitting or moving)
A hard, blueish lump near the anal opening
Swelling and tenderness
Possible bleeding if the clot ruptures
Thrombosed hemorrhoids may sound scary, but they can be treated with home remedies, minor medical procedures, or in some cases, surgical removal.
What Causes External Hemorrhoids?
If you’re wondering why this is happening to you, it’s likely due to increased pressure in the lower rectal veins. The main culprits include:
Straining on the toilet (whether from constipation or just bad luck)
Prolonged sitting (desk jobs and long Netflix binges don’t help)
Chronic diarrhea or constipation (too much or too little action isn’t good)
Pregnancy (another fun side effect of growing a human)
Obesity (extra weight = extra pressure on rectal veins)
Heavy lifting (especially without proper form)
Low-fiber diet (fiber helps keep stools soft, reducing strain)
Symptoms of External Hemorrhoids
External hemorrhoids make themselves known—sometimes in the worst ways possible. Here’s what to expect:
A painful lump near the anus (can range in size)
Itching and irritation around the anal area
Swelling and inflammation
Pain when sitting, walking, or using the toilet
Bleeding (especially when wiping after a bowel movement)
Mucus discharge that causes further irritation
If you have severe, persistent pain or excessive bleeding, it’s best to see a doctor to rule out complications.
Home Remedies for External Hemorrhoids
The good news? Most external hemorrhoids go away on their own or with home treatment. Here’s what helps:
1. Sitz Baths
Soak in warm water for 15-20 minutes (especially after bowel movements) to relieve pain and reduce inflammation. Adding Epsom salts can enhance the healing process.
2. Cold Compresses
Applying an ice pack wrapped in a towel can reduce swelling and numb pain—especially helpful for thrombosed hemorrhoids.
3. Topical Treatments
Over-the-counter creams, ointments, and wipes can provide relief. Look for:
Hydrocortisone (reduces inflammation)
Witch hazel (soothes irritation)
Lidocaine (numbs pain)
4. Increase Fiber and Hydration
Prevent straining by eating more fiber-rich foods and drinking plenty of water. Good fiber sources include:
Whole grains (oats, brown rice, whole wheat bread)
Fruits and vegetables (apples, pears, spinach, carrots)
Legumes (beans, lentils, chickpeas)
5. Avoid Straining and Sitting Too Long
Don’t force bowel movements—go when you need to, but don’t push too hard.
Limit toilet time—keep it under 5 minutes.
Use a squatty potty to reduce strain and encourage a natural posture.
Medical Treatments for External Hemorrhoids
If home remedies aren’t cutting it, there are several medical treatments available:
1. Rubber Band Ligation (For Internal-External Hemorrhoids)
A tiny rubber band is placed around the base of the hemorrhoid, cutting off circulation so it shrinks and falls off within a few days.
2. Sclerotherapy
A chemical injection is used to shrink hemorrhoids and reduce symptoms.
3. Infrared Coagulation (IRC)
A heat-based treatment that shrinks hemorrhoidal tissue by cutting off its blood supply.
4. Thrombectomy (For Thrombosed Hemorrhoids)
If a blood clot forms inside an external hemorrhoid, a doctor can make a small incision to remove it, providing instant relief.
5. Hemorrhoidectomy (Surgical Removal)
For severe, persistent external hemorrhoids, a hemorrhoidectomy is the most effective treatment—though recovery can be uncomfortable.
Preventing External Hemorrhoids
If you’d rather never experience this again, here’s what you can do:
Eat more fiber. Fiber = softer stools = happy rectum.
Stay hydrated. Water keeps things moving.
Exercise regularly. Keeps digestion in check.
Go when you need to. Waiting = harder stools.
Avoid prolonged sitting. Take breaks from desk jobs.
Use proper lifting techniques. No unnecessary straining.
Final Thoughts
External hemorrhoids might feel like a cruel joke, but they’re highly treatable. With home care, lifestyle changes, and medical treatments, you can find relief and prevent future flare-ups.
If your symptoms persist, worsen, or include excessive bleeding, talk to a doctor to explore treatment options. And remember: fiber is your best friend, and your phone doesn’t belong in the bathroom.
Find more health tips and resources.